The climate, the landscape, culture and the vicissitudes of history have each in their own way affected the valleys of the Navarrese Pyrenees. This has led to a wide range of different-style houses.

In Basque culture, houses are not just where you live. They are a sign of identity and descent.

La casa

Although many have been rebuilt after fires, Aezkoan houses fall in with the rules of Pyrenean architecture. They have steep roofs tiled with clay tiles as a fire-preventing replacement for the traditional wooden slats which can still be found on some barns.

The houses of Salazar fall in with a style which can be found from Burguete to Girona. Solid and sober, with stone walls and narrow façades, these houses are huddled close to one another, separated by an alley known as an “etxekarte”. Their gable, hip or mansard roofs are extremely steep and are tiled with flat tiles. They have three storeys and an adjoining yard.

The Roncal house: The villages of Roncal are generally compact affairs, the houses huddled close in together, but avoiding shared walls insofar as possible. The buildings are often grouped into blocks of two or three houses with small vegetable gardens in between, which break the closed aspect of the nucleus.
Traditional houses have thick, solid walls adapted to meet the demands of the climate. Their roof are steep in the villages of the north and shallow out as you go south. As in the other valleys of the region, hip or mansard roofs reflect the wealth of the owners.
Many houses have yards within the village nucleus itself.


Luzaide-Valcarlos: The vicissitudes of history have shaped an Atlantic-style village with small, isolated groups of buildings and houses scattered over the hillside. More benevolent winters have made for shallower roofs. Beyond the nucleus are isolated farmhouses with wide-eaved roofs surrounded by a mosaic of fields bearing a variety of crops.

The houses in the Pre-Pyrenean basins are a synthesis of the Pyrenean style and that of Navarre’s Mid Region, made of stone and brick. In this line, the structure of the village of Lumbier is mediaeval. Located on a high point of the meadow shaped by the river, it has been known since Roman days (local archaeological sites exist). The village is oval-shaped with narrow streets and houses tightly huddled together.



Other variations of house type can be found in other valleys, such as Erro, Esteribar and Izagaondoa.

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