The
granaries, garaiak or gareak in Basque,
have quadrangular bases and gable roofs
made of wooden slats. The structures
rest on stone pillars with circular
stones at the top to impede access to
rodents. Inside, several compartments
or zizku store the martxagaria or wheat
sown in March, the azarogari or October
wheat, -the best wheat for bread-, babak
or broad beans, oloa or oats and garagarra
or barley. |
|  Aezkoan
granaries are of a special variety
which falls in with both the climate
and local architecture. The bases
of Aezkoan granaries measure some
4.5 x 5 m, rest on 8 pillars and their
gable roofs are steeply-angled (100-120
%) against the snow. The walls are
of masonry with a door and, in some
cases, a window. The roof used to
be of wooden slats, as on other buildings.
The stairs, separated from the building,
and the mushroom-shaped pillars which
the granaries rest on acted as deterrents
to rodents.
Urraul Alto: Two
examples remain. In Zabalza, the granary
of Estoki, with the same structure
as that found in Aezkoa and Salazar,
but with a shallower roof due to the
milder climate. The granary at the
monastery in Santa Fe is of larger
proportions and is a communal or “diezmo”
granary. These granaries belonged
to the entire village or to the church
and were used to collect the grain
of all the inhabitants. It would appear
that they existed in some villages
and were run by the council or, if
belonging to the church, by the local
priest, who collected the “diezmo”
or religious taxes.
Salazar:
Only one, singularly attractive example
remains, similar in structure to the
one found in Zabalza.
Longuida:
The granary in Ekai, called De Juan,
difficult to appreciate as it is located
in a closed yard. It could be a “diezmo”
granary. The granary of Erdozain is
a magnificent granary built on stone
arches, reconstructed in the courtyard
of the Palace of Erdozain, now in
ruins, and is well worth a visit.
Arce:The
granary on the village of Lusarreta
has the same structure as the one
in Erdozain and the famous granary
of Iratxeta in Aibar. It is adjoined
to a house and built on stone arches.
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